High Blood Pressure
If your blood pressure is normal, you can work with your health care team to keep it that way. If your numbers are too high, you can take steps to lower them and control your blood pressure. This helps reduce your risk for complications.
- What Is High Blood Pressure?
- What Causes High Blood Pressure?
- Signs and Symptoms of High Blood Pressure?
- How Is High Blood Pressure Treated?
- How Can High Blood Pressure Be Prevented?
- Key Points High blood pressure.
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How Can High Blood Pressure Be Prevented?
If You Have Normal Blood Pressure
If you don't have high blood pressure (HBP), you can take steps to prevent it. Lifestyle measures can help you maintain normal blood pressure.
- Follow a healthy eating plan:
- • Lose weight if you're overweight or obese.
- • Do enough physical activity.
- • Quit smoking.
- • Manage your stress and learn to cope with stress
Many people who take one or more of these steps are able to prevent or delay HBP. The more steps you take, the more likely you are to lower your blood pressure and avoid related health problems.
If You Have High Blood Pressure
If you have HBP, you can still take steps to prevent the long-term problems it can cause. Lifestyle measures (listed above) and medicines can help you live a longer, more active life.
Follow the treatment plan your doctor prescribes to control your blood pressure. It can help you prevent or delay coronary heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, and other health problems.
Children and Teens
A healthy lifestyle also can help prevent HBP in children and teens. Key steps include having a child:
- Follow a healthy eating plan that focuses on plenty of fruits, vegetables, and, for children older than 4 years, low-fat dairy products. The plan also should be low in saturated and trans fats and salt.
- Be active for at least 1 to 2 hours per day. Limit screen time in front of the TV or the computer to 2 hours per day at most.
- Maintain a healthy weight. If your child is overweight, ask his or her doctor about how your child can safely lose weight.
Make these habits part of a family health plan to help your child adopt and maintain a healthy lifestyle.
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Living With High Blood Pressure
If you have high blood pressure (HBP), you will need to treat and control it for life. This means making lifestyle changes, taking prescribed medicines, and getting ongoing medical care.
Treatment can help control blood pressure, but it will not cure HBP. If you stop treatment, your blood pressure and risk for related health problems will rise. For a healthy future, follow your treatment plan closely. Work with your health care team for lifelong blood pressure control.
Lifestyle Changes
Following a healthy lifestyle is an important step for controlling HBP. A healthy lifestyle includes following a healthy eating plan, losing weight (if you're overweight or obese), doing regular physical activity, and not smoking. (For more information, see "How Is High Blood Pressure Treated?")
Medicines
You should take all blood pressure medicines that your doctor prescribes. Be sure you know the names and doses of your medicines and how to take them. If you have questions about your medicines, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.
Make sure you refill your medicines before they run out. Take your medicines exactly as your doctor directs—don't skip days or cut pills in half.
If you're having side effects from your medicines, talk to your doctor. He or she may need to adjust the doses or prescribe other medicines. You shouldn't decide on your own to stop taking your medicines.
Ongoing Care
Go for medical checkups or tests as your doctor advises. Your doctor may need to change or add medicines to your treatment plan over time. Regular checkups allow your doctor to change your treatment right away if your blood pressure goes up again.
Keeping track of your blood pressure is vital. Have your blood pressure checked on the schedule your doctor advises. You may want to learn how to check your blood pressure at home. Your doctor can help you with this. Each time you check your own blood pressure, you should write down your numbers and the date.
High Blood Pressure and Pregnancy
Many pregnant women who have HBP have healthy babies. However, HBP can cause problems for both the mother and the fetus. It can harm the mother's kidneys and other organs. It also can cause the baby to be born early and with a low birth weight.
If you're thinking about having a baby and you have HBP, talk to your health care team. You can take steps to control your blood pressure before and while you're pregnant.
Some women get HBP for the first time while they're pregnant. In the most serious cases, the mother has a condition called preeclampsia.
This condition can threaten the lives of both the mother and the unborn child. You will need special care to reduce your risks. With such care, most women and babies have good outcomes.